Integrate with Container Storage Interface (CSI)

To integrate CSI with Kubernetes cluster, follow these steps:

Prepare

• Create a Kubernetes cluster on VNGCloud, or use an existing cluster. Note: make sure you have downloaded the cluster configuration file once the cluster has been successfully initialized and accessed your cluster.

Create Service Account and install VNGCloud BlockStorage CSI Driver

Attention:

• When you initialize the Cluster according to the instructions above, if you have not enabled the Enable BlockStore Persistent Disk CSI Driver option , by default we will not pre-install this plugin into your Cluster. You need to manually create Service Account and install VNGCloud BlockStorage CSI Driver according to the instructions below. If you have enabled the Enable BlockStore Persistent Disk CSI Driver option , we have pre-installed this plugin into your Cluster, skip the Service Account Initialization step, install VNGCloud BlockStorage CSI Driver and continue following the instructions from now on. Deploy a Workload.

• VNGCloud BlockStorage CSI Driver only supports attaching volumes to a single node (VM) throughout the life of that volume. If you have a need for ReadWriteMany, you may consider using the NFS CSI Driver, as it allows multiple nodes to Read and Write on the same volume at the same time. This is very useful for applications that need to share data between multiple pods or services in Kubernetes.

Create Service Account and install VNGCloud BlockStorage CSI Driver

Initialize Service Account

• Create or use a service account created on IAM and attach policy: vServerFullAccess . To create a service account, go here and follow these steps:

  • Select " Create a Service Account ", enter a name for the Service Account and click Next Step to assign permissions to the Service Account

  • Find and select Policy: vServerFullAccess , then click " Create a Service Account " to create a Service Account, Policy: vLBFullAccess and Policy: vServerFullAccess are created by VNG Cloud, you cannot delete these policies.

  • After successful creation, you need to save the Client_ID and Secret_Key of the Service Account to perform the next step.

Install VNGCloud BlockStorage CSI Driver

• Install Helm version 3.0 or higher. Refer to https://helm.sh/docs/intro/install/ for instructions on how to install.

• Add this repo to your cluster via the command:

  helm repo add vks-helm-charts https://vngcloud.github.io/vks-helm-charts
  helm repo update

• Replace your K8S cluster's ClientID, Client Secret, and ClusterID information and continue running:

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  helm install vngcloud-blockstorage-csi-driver vks-helm-charts/vngcloud-blockstorage-csi-driver \
    --replace --namespace kube-system \
    --set vngcloudAccessSecret.keyId=${VNGCLOUD_CLIENT_ID} \
    --set vngcloudAccessSecret.accessKey=${VNGCLOUD_CLIENT_SECRET} \
    --set vngcloudAccessSecret.vksClusterId=${VNGCLOUD_VKS_CLUSTER_ID}  # Optional

• After the installation is complete, check the status of vngcloud-blockstorage-csi-driver pods:

  kubectl get pods -n kube-system | grep vngcloud-csi-

• For example, in the image below you have successfully installed vngcloud-blockstorage-csi-driver:

  NAME                                           READY   STATUS    RESTARTS       AGE
  vngcloud-csi-controller-56bd7b85f-ctpns        7/7     Running   6 (2d4h ago)   2d4h
  vngcloud-csi-controller-56bd7b85f-npp9n        7/7     Running   2 (2d4h ago)   2d4h
  vngcloud-csi-node-c8r2w                        3/3     Running   0              2d4h

---

Deploy a Workload

The following is a guide for you to deploy the nginx service on Kubernetes.

Step 1 : Create Deployment for Nginx app.

• Create nginx-service.yaml file with the following content:

  apiVersion: apps/v1
  kind: Deployment
  metadata:
    name: nginx-app
  spec:
    selector:
      matchLabels:
        app: nginx
    replicas: 1
    template:
      metadata:
        labels:
          app: nginx
      spec:
        containers:
        - name: nginx
          image: nginx:1.19.1
          ports:
          - containerPort: 80
  ---
  apiVersion: v1
  kind: Service
  metadata:
    name: nginx-service
  spec:
    selector:
      app: nginx 
    ports:
      - protocol: TCP
        port: 80
        targetPort: 80

• Deploy This deployment equals:

  kubectl apply -f nginx-service.yaml

---

Step 2: Check the Deployment and Service information just deployed

• Run the following command to test Deployment

  kubectl get svc,deploy,pod -owide

• If the results are returned as below, it means you have deployed Deployment successfully.

  NAME                    TYPE           CLUSTER-IP      EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)           AGE     SELECTOR
  service/kubernetes      ClusterIP      10.96.0.1       <none>        443/TCP           2d4h    <none>
  service/nginx-app       NodePort       10.96.215.192   <none>        30080:31289/TCP   6m12s   app=nginx
  service/nginx-service   LoadBalancer   10.96.179.221   <pending>     80:32624/TCP      16s     app=nginx
  
  NAME                        READY   UP-TO-DATE   AVAILABLE   AGE   CONTAINERS   IMAGES         SELECTOR
  deployment.apps/nginx-app   1/1     1            1           16s   nginx        nginx:1.19.1   app=nginx
  
  NAME                             READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE   IP              NODE                                            NOMINATED NODE   READINESS GATES
  pod/nginx-app-7f45b65946-t7d7k   1/1     Running   0          16s   172.16.24.202   ng-3f06013a-f6a5-47ba-a51f-bc5e9c2b10a7-ecea1   <none>           <none>

---

Create Persistent Volume

• Create a persistent-volume.yaml file with the following content:

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  apiVersion: storage.k8s.io/v1
  kind: StorageClass
  metadata:
    name: my-expansion-storage-class                    # [1] The StorageClass name, CAN be changed
  provisioner: bs.csi.vngcloud.vn                       # The VNG-CLOUD CSI driver name
  parameters:
    type: vtype-61c3fc5b-f4e9-45b4-8957-8aa7b6029018    # The volume type UUID
  allowVolumeExpansion: true                            # MUST set this value to turn on volume expansion feature
  ---
  
  apiVersion: v1
  kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
  metadata:
    name: my-expansion-pvc                           # [2] The PVC name, CAN be changed
  spec:
    accessModes:
      - ReadWriteOnce
    resources:
      requests:
        storage: 20Gi                                # [3] The PVC size, CAN be changed, this value MUST be in the valid range of the proper volume type
    storageClassName: my-expansion-storage-class     # [4] The StorageClass name, MUST be the same as [1]
  ---
  
  apiVersion: v1
  kind: Pod
  metadata:
    name: nginx                                      # [5] The Pod name, CAN be changed
  spec:
    containers:
      - image: nginx
        imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
        name: nginx
        ports:
          - containerPort: 80
            protocol: TCP
        volumeMounts:
          - mountPath: /var/lib/www/html
            name: my-volume-name                     # MUST be the same as [6]
    volumes:
      - name: my-volume-name                         # [6] The volume name, CAN be changed
        persistentVolumeClaim:
          claimName: my-expansion-pvc                # MUST be the same as [2]
          readOnly: false

• Run the following command to deploy a Pod using a Persistent Volume

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  kubectl apply -f persistent-volume.yaml

At this time, the vServer system will automatically create a Volume corresponding to the yaml file above, for example:

---

Create Snapshots

Snapshot is a low-cost, convenient and effective data backup method and can be used to create images, restore data and distribute copies of data. If you are a new user who has never used the Snapshot service, you will need to Activate Snapshot Service before you can create a Snapshot for your Persistent Volume.

Activate Snapshot Service

To be able to create Snapshots, you need to perform Activate Snapshot Service. You will not be charged for activating the snapshot service. After you create snapshots, costs will be calculated based on the storage capacity and storage time of these snapshots. Follow these steps to enable the Snapshot service:

Step 1: Visit https://hcm-3.console.vngcloud.vn/vserver/block-store/snapshot/overview

Step 2: Select Activate Snapshot Service .

For example:

Install VNGCloud Snapshot Controller

• Install Helm version 3.0 or higher. Refer to https://helm.sh/docs/intro/install/ for instructions on how to install.

• Add this repo to your cluster via the command:

  helm repo add vks-helm-charts https://vngcloud.github.io/vks-helm-charts
  helm repo update

• Continue running:

  helm install vngcloud-snapshot-controller vks-helm-charts/vngcloud-snapshot-controller \
    --replace --namespace kube-system

• After the installation is complete, check the status of vngcloud-blockstorage-csi-driver pods:

  kubectl get pods -n kube-system | grep snapshot-controller

For example, in the image below you have successfully installed vngcloud-snapshot-controller:

NAME                                           READY   STATUS              RESTARTS       AGE
snapshot-controller-7fdd984f89-745tg           0/1     ContainerCreating   0              3s
snapshot-controller-7fdd984f89-k94wq           0/1     ContainerCreating   0              3s

Create a snapshot.yaml file with the following content

apiVersion: snapshot.storage.k8s.io/v1
kind: VolumeSnapshotClass
metadata:
  name: my-snapshot-storage-class  # [2] The name of the volume snapshot class, CAN be changed
driver: bs.csi.vngcloud.vn
deletionPolicy: Delete
parameters:
  force-create: "false"
---

apiVersion: snapshot.storage.k8s.io/v1
kind: VolumeSnapshot
metadata:
  name: my-snapshot-pvc  # [4] The name of the snapshot, CAN be changed
spec:
  volumeSnapshotClassName: my-snapshot-storage-class  # MUST match with [2]
  source:
    persistentVolumeClaimName: my-expansion-pvc  # MUST match with [3]

• Run the following command to deploy Volume Snapshot

kubectl apply -f snapshot.yaml

---

Check the newly created PVC and Snapshot

• After applying the file successfully, you can check the service and pvc list via:

  kubectl get sc,pvc,pod -owide

  NAME                                                       PROVISIONER          RECLAIMPOLICY   VOLUMEBINDINGMODE   ALLOWVOLUMEEXPANSION   AGE
  storageclass.storage.k8s.io/my-expansion-storage-class     bs.csi.vngcloud.vn   Delete          Immediate           true                   10m
  storageclass.storage.k8s.io/sc-iops-200-retain (default)   bs.csi.vngcloud.vn   Retain          Immediate           false                  2d4h
  
  NAME                                     STATUS   VOLUME                                     CAPACITY   ACCESS MODES   STORAGECLASS                 AGE   VOLUMEMODE
  persistentvolumeclaim/my-expansion-pvc   Bound    pvc-14456f4a-ee9e-435d-a94f-5a2e820954e9   20Gi       RWO            my-expansion-storage-class   10m   Filesystem
  
  NAME                             READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE   IP              NODE                                            NOMINATED NODE   READINESS GATES
  pod/nginx                        1/1     Running   0          10m   172.16.24.203   ng-3f06013a-f6a5-47ba-a51f-bc5e9c2b10a7-ecea1   <none>           <none>
  pod/nginx-app-7f45b65946-t7d7k   1/1     Running   0          94m   172.16.24.202   ng-3f06013a-f6a5-47ba-a51f-bc5e9c2b10a7-ecea1   <none>           <none>

---

Change the IOPS parameters of the newly created Persistent Volume

To change the IOPS parameters of the newly created Persistent Volume, follow these steps:

Step 1: Run the command below to list the PVCs in your Cluster

kubectl get persistentvolumes

Step 2: Edit the PVC YAML file according to the command

kubectl edit pvc my-expansion-pvc

• If you have not edited the IOPS of the Persistent Volume before, when you run the above command, add an annotation bs.csi.vngcloud.vn/volume-type: "volume-type-id" . For example, below I am changing the Persistent Volume IOPS from 200 (Volume type id = vtype-61c3fc5b-f4e9-45b4-8957-8aa7b6029018) to 1000 (Volume type id = vtype-85b39362-a360-4bbb-9afa-a36a40cea748 )

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  apiVersion: v1
  kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
  metadata:
    annotations:
      bs.csi.vngcloud.vn/volume-type: "vtype-85b39362-a360-4bbb-9afa-a36a40cea748"
      kubectl.kubernetes.io/last-applied-configuration: |
        {"apiVersion":"v1","kind":"PersistentVolumeClaim","metadata":{"annotations":{},"name":"my-expansion-pvc","namespace":"default"},"spec":{"accessModes":["ReadWriteOnce"],"resources":{"requests":{"storage":"20Gi"}},"storageClassName":"my-expansion-storage-class"}}
      pv.kubernetes.io/bind-completed: "yes"
      pv.kubernetes.io/bound-by-controller: "yes"
      volume.beta.kubernetes.io/storage-provisioner: bs.csi.vngcloud.vn
      volume.kubernetes.io/storage-provisioner: bs.csi.vngcloud.vn
    creationTimestamp: "2024-04-21T14:16:53Z"
    finalizers:
    - kubernetes.io/pvc-protection
    name: my-expansion-pvc
    namespace: default
    resourceVersion: "11041591"
    uid: 14456f4a-ee9e-435d-a94f-5a2e820954e9
  spec:
    accessModes:
    - ReadWriteOnce
    resources:
      requests:
        storage: 20Gi
    storageClassName: my-expansion-storage-class
    volumeMode: Filesystem
    volumeName: pvc-14456f4a-ee9e-435d-a94f-5a2e820954e9
  status:
    accessModes:
    - ReadWriteOnce
    capacity:
      storage: 20Gi
    phase: Bound

• If you have edited the IOPS of the Persistent Volume before, when you run the above command, your yaml file will already have the annotation bs.csi.vngcloud.vn/volume-type: "volume-type-id" . Now, edit this annotation to the Volume type id with the IOPS you desire.

Change the Disk Volume of the newly created Persistent Volume

To change the Disk Volume of the newly created Persistent Volume, run the following command:

For example, initially the PVC created was 20 Gi in size, now I will increase it to 30 Gi

kubectl patch pvc my-expansion-pvc -p '{"spec":{"resources":{"requests":{"storage":"30Gi"}}}}'

Attention:

• You can only increase Disk Volume but cannot reduce Disk Volume size.

Restore Persistent Volume from Snapshot

To restore Persistent Volume from Snapshot, follow these steps:

• Create file restore-volume.yaml with the following content:

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  apiVersion: v1
  kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
  metadata:
    name: my-restore-pvc  # The name of the PVC, CAN be changed
  spec:
    storageClassName: my-expansion-storage-class  
    dataSource:
      name: my-snapshot-pvc # MUST match with [4] from the section 5.2
      kind: VolumeSnapshot
      apiGroup: snapshot.storage.k8s.io
    accessModes:
      - ReadWriteOnce
    resources:
      requests:
        storage: 20Gi