Integrate with Container Storage Interface (CSI)

Prerequisites

To be able to initialize a Cluster and Deploy a Workload , you need:

• There is at least 1 VPC and 1 Subnet in ACTIVE state . If you do not have a VPC or Subnet yet, please create a VPC or Subnet according to the instructions here .

• There is at least 1 SSH key in ACTIVE state . If you do not have any SSH key, please create an SSH key according to the instructions here .

• Installed and configured kubectl on your device. Please refer here if you are not sure how to install and use kuberctl. In addition, you should not use a kubectl version that is too old, we recommend that you use a kubectl version that is no more than one version different from the cluster version.

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Initialize Cluster

A cluster in Kubernetes is a collection of one or more virtual machines (VMs) connected together to run containerized applications. Cluster provides a unified environment to deploy, manage, and operate containers at scale.

To initialize a Cluster, follow the steps below:

Step 1: Visit https://vks.console.vngcloud.vn/overview

Step 2: At the Overview screen , select Activate.

Step 3: Wait until we successfully create your VKS account. After Activate successfully, select Create a Cluster

Step 4: At the Cluster initialization screen, we have set up information for the Cluster and a Default Node Group for you. You can keep these default values ​​or adjust the desired parameters for the Cluster and Node Group at Cluster Configuration, Default Node Group Configuration, Plugin. When you choose to enable the Enable vLB Native Integration Driver option , by default we will pre-install this plugin into your Cluster.

Step 5: Select Create Kubernetes cluster. Please wait a few minutes for us to initialize your Cluster, the Cluster's status is now Creating .

Step 6: When the Cluster status is Active , you can view Cluster information and Node Group information by selecting Cluster Name in the Name column .

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Connect and check the newly created Cluster information

After the Cluster is successfully initialized, you can connect and check the newly created Cluster information by following these steps:

Step 1: Visit https://vks.console.vngcloud.vn/k8s-cluster

Step 2: The Cluster list is displayed, select Download Config File to download the kubeconfig file. This file will give you full access to your Cluster.

Step 3 : Rename this file to config and save it to the ~/.kube/config directory

Step 4: Perform Cluster check via command:

• Run the following command to test node

kubectl get nodes

• If the results are returned as below, it means your Cluster was successfully initialized with 3 nodes as below.

NAME                                            STATUS     ROLES    AGE   VERSION
ng-0e10592c-e70e-404d-a4e8-5e3b80f805e4-834b7   Ready      <none>   50m   v1.28.8
ng-0e10592c-e70e-404d-a4e8-5e3b80f805e4-cf652   Ready      <none>   23m   v1.28.8
ng-0f4ed631-1252-49f7-8dfc-386fa0b2d29b-a8ef0   Ready      <none>   28m   v1.28.8

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Create Service Account and install VNGCloud BlockStorage CSI Driver

Attention:

• When you initialize the Cluster according to the instructions above, if you have not enabled the Enable BlockStore Persistent Disk CSI Driver option , by default we will not pre-install this plugin into your Cluster. You need to manually create Service Account and install VNGCloud BlockStorage CSI Driver according to the instructions below. If you have enabled the Enable BlockStore Persistent Disk CSI Driver option , we have pre-installed this plugin into your Cluster, skip the Service Account Initialization step, install VNGCloud BlockStorage CSI Driver and continue following the instructions from now on. Deploy a Workload.

• VNGCloud BlockStorage CSI Driver only supports attaching volumes to a single node (VM) throughout the life of that volume. If you have a need for ReadWriteMany, you may consider using the NFS CSI Driver, as it allows multiple nodes to Read and Write on the same volume at the same time. This is very useful for applications that need to share data between multiple pods or services in Kubernetes.

Create Service Account and install VNGCloud BlockStorage CSI Driver

Initialize Service Account

• Create or use a service account created on IAM and attach policy: vServerFullAccess . To create a service account, go here and follow these steps:

  • Select " Create a Service Account ", enter a name for the Service Account and click Next Step to assign permissions to the Service Account

  • Find and select Policy: vServerFullAccess , then click " Create a Service Account " to create a Service Account, Policy: vLBFullAccess and Policy: vServerFullAccess are created by VNG Cloud, you cannot delete these policies.

  • After successful creation, you need to save the Client_ID and Secret_Key of the Service Account to perform the next step.

Install VNGCloud BlockStorage CSI Driver

• Install Helm version 3.0 or higher. Refer to https://helm.sh/docs/intro/install/ for instructions on how to install.
• Add this repo to your cluster via the command:

helm repo add vks-helm-charts https://vngcloud.github.io/vks-helm-charts
helm repo update

• Replace your K8S cluster's ClientID, Client Secret, and ClusterID information and continue running:

helm install vngcloud-blockstorage-csi-driver vks-helm-charts/vngcloud-blockstorage-csi-driver \
  --replace --namespace kube-system \
  --set vngcloudAccessSecret.keyId=${VNGCLOUD_CLIENT_ID} \
  --set vngcloudAccessSecret.accessKey=${VNGCLOUD_CLIENT_SECRET} \
  --set vngcloudAccessSecret.vksClusterId=${VNGCLOUD_VKS_CLUSTER_ID}  # Optional

• After the installation is complete, check the status of vngcloud-blockstorage-csi-driver pods:

kubectl get pods -n kube-system | grep vngcloud-ingress-controller

For example, in the image below you have successfully installed vngcloud-controller-manager:

NAME                                           READY   STATUS    RESTARTS       AGE
vngcloud-csi-controller-56bd7b85f-ctpns        7/7     Running   6 (2d4h ago)   2d4h
vngcloud-csi-controller-56bd7b85f-npp9n        7/7     Running   2 (2d4h ago)   2d4h
vngcloud-csi-node-c8r2w                        3/3     Running   0              2d4h

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Deploy a Workload

The following is a guide for you to deploy the nginx service on Kubernetes.

Step 1 : Create Deployment for Nginx app.

• Create nginx-service.yaml file with the following content:

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: nginx-app
spec:
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: nginx
  replicas: 1
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: nginx
    spec:
      containers:
      - name: nginx
        image: nginx:1.19.1
        ports:
        - containerPort: 80
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: nginx-service
spec:
  selector:
    app: nginx 
  ports:
    - protocol: TCP
      port: 80
      targetPort: 80

• Deploy This deployment equals:

kubectl apply -f nginx-service.yaml

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Step 2: Check the Deployment and Service information just deployed

• Run the following command to test Deployment

kubectl get svc,deploy,pod -owide

• If the results are returned as below, it means you have deployed Deployment successfully.

NAME                    TYPE           CLUSTER-IP      EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)           AGE     SELECTOR
service/kubernetes      ClusterIP      10.96.0.1       <none>        443/TCP           2d4h    <none>
service/nginx-app       NodePort       10.96.215.192   <none>        30080:31289/TCP   6m12s   app=nginx
service/nginx-service   LoadBalancer   10.96.179.221   <pending>     80:32624/TCP      16s     app=nginx

NAME                        READY   UP-TO-DATE   AVAILABLE   AGE   CONTAINERS   IMAGES         SELECTOR
deployment.apps/nginx-app   1/1     1            1           16s   nginx        nginx:1.19.1   app=nginx

NAME                             READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE   IP              NODE                                            NOMINATED NODE   READINESS GATES
pod/nginx-app-7f45b65946-t7d7k   1/1     Running   0          16s   172.16.24.202   ng-3f06013a-f6a5-47ba-a51f-bc5e9c2b10a7-ecea1   <none>           <none>

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Create Persistent Volume

• Create a persistent-volume.yaml file with the following content:

apiVersion: storage.k8s.io/v1
kind: StorageClass
metadata:
  name: my-expansion-storage-class                    # [1] The StorageClass name, CAN be changed
provisioner: bs.csi.vngcloud.vn                       # The VNG-CLOUD CSI driver name
parameters:
  type: vtype-61c3fc5b-f4e9-45b4-8957-8aa7b6029018    # The volume type UUID
allowVolumeExpansion: true                            # MUST set this value to turn on volume expansion feature
---

apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
metadata:
  name: my-expansion-pvc                           # [2] The PVC name, CAN be changed
spec:
  accessModes:
    - ReadWriteOnce
  resources:
    requests:
      storage: 20Gi                                # [3] The PVC size, CAN be changed, this value MUST be in the valid range of the proper volume type
  storageClassName: my-expansion-storage-class     # [4] The StorageClass name, MUST be the same as [1]
---

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: nginx                                      # [5] The Pod name, CAN be changed
spec:
  containers:
    - image: nginx
      imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
      name: nginx
      ports:
        - containerPort: 80
          protocol: TCP
      volumeMounts:
        - mountPath: /var/lib/www/html
          name: my-volume-name                     # MUST be the same as [6]
  volumes:
    - name: my-volume-name                         # [6] The volume name, CAN be changed
      persistentVolumeClaim:
        claimName: my-expansion-pvc                # MUST be the same as [2]
        readOnly: false

• Run the following command to deploy Ingress

kubectl apply -f persistent-volume.yaml

At this time, the vServer system will automatically create a Volume corresponding to the yaml file above, for example:

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Create Snapshots

Snapshot is a low-cost, convenient and effective data backup method and can be used to create images, restore data and distribute copies of data. If you are a new user who has never used the Snapshot service, you will need to Activate Snapshot Service before you can create a Snapshot for your Persistent Volume.

Activate Snapshot Service

To be able to create Snapshots, you need to perform Activate Snapshot Service. You will not be charged for activating the snapshot service. After you create snapshots, costs will be calculated based on the storage capacity and storage time of these snapshots. Follow these steps to enable the Snapshot service:

Step 1: Visit https://hcm-3.console.vngcloud.vn/vserver/block-store/snapshot/overview

Step 2: Select Activate Snapshot Service .

For example:

Install VNGCloud Snapshot Controller

• Install Helm version 3.0 or higher. Refer to https://helm.sh/docs/intro/install/ for instructions on how to install.
• Add this repo to your cluster via the command:

helm repo add vks-helm-charts https://vngcloud.github.io/vks-helm-charts
helm repo update

• Continue running:

helm install vngcloud-snapshot-controller vks-helm-charts/vngcloud-snapshot-controller \
  --replace --namespace kube-system

• After the installation is complete, check the status of vngcloud-blockstorage-csi-driver pods:

kubectl get pods -n kube-system

For example, in the image below you have successfully installed vngcloud-controller-manager:

NAME                                           READY   STATUS              RESTARTS       AGE

snapshot-controller-7fdd984f89-745tg           0/1     ContainerCreating   0              3s
snapshot-controller-7fdd984f89-k94wq           0/1     ContainerCreating   0              3s

Create a snapshot.yaml file with the following content:

apiVersion: snapshot.storage.k8s.io/v1
kind: VolumeSnapshotClass
metadata:
  name: my-snapshot-storage-class  # [2] The name of the volume snapshot class, CAN be changed
driver: bs.csi.vngcloud.vn
deletionPolicy: Delete
parameters:
  force-create: "false"
---

apiVersion: snapshot.storage.k8s.io/v1
kind: VolumeSnapshot
metadata:
  name: my-snapshot-pvc  # [4] The name of the snapshot, CAN be changed
spec:
  volumeSnapshotClassName: my-snapshot-storage-class  # MUST match with [2]
  source:
    persistentVolumeClaimName: my-expansion-pvc  # MUST match with [3]

• Run the following command to deploy Ingress

kubectl apply -f snapshot.yaml

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Check the newly created PVC and Snapshot

• After applying the file successfully, you can check the service and pvc list via:

kubectl get sc,pvc,pod -owide

NAME                                                       PROVISIONER          RECLAIMPOLICY   VOLUMEBINDINGMODE   ALLOWVOLUMEEXPANSION   AGE
storageclass.storage.k8s.io/my-expansion-storage-class     bs.csi.vngcloud.vn   Delete          Immediate           true                   10m
storageclass.storage.k8s.io/sc-iops-200-retain (default)   bs.csi.vngcloud.vn   Retain          Immediate           false                  2d4h

NAME                                     STATUS   VOLUME                                     CAPACITY   ACCESS MODES   STORAGECLASS                 AGE   VOLUMEMODE
persistentvolumeclaim/my-expansion-pvc   Bound    pvc-14456f4a-ee9e-435d-a94f-5a2e820954e9   20Gi       RWO            my-expansion-storage-class   10m   Filesystem

NAME                             READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE   IP              NODE                                            NOMINATED NODE   READINESS GATES
pod/nginx                        1/1     Running   0          10m   172.16.24.203   ng-3f06013a-f6a5-47ba-a51f-bc5e9c2b10a7-ecea1   <none>           <none>
pod/nginx-app-7f45b65946-t7d7k   1/1     Running   0          94m   172.16.24.202   ng-3f06013a-f6a5-47ba-a51f-bc5e9c2b10a7-ecea1   <none>           <none>

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Change the IOPS parameters of the newly created Persistent Volume

To change the IOPS parameters of the newly created Persistent Volume, follow these steps:

Step 1: Run the command below to list the PVCs in your Cluster

kubectl get persistentvolumes

Step 2: Edit the PVC YAML file according to the command

kubectl edit pvc my-expansion-pvc

• If you have not edited the IOPS of the Persistent Volume before, when you run the above command, add an annotation bs.csi.vngcloud.vn/volume-type: "volume-type-id" . For example, below I am changing the Persistent Volume IOPS from 200 (Volume type id = vtype-61c3fc5b-f4e9-45b4-8957-8aa7b6029018) to 1000 (Volume type id = vtype-85b39362-a360-4bbb-9afa-a36a40cea748 )

apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
metadata:
  annotations:
    bs.csi.vngcloud.vn/volume-type: "vtype-85b39362-a360-4bbb-9afa-a36a40cea748"
    kubectl.kubernetes.io/last-applied-configuration: |
      {"apiVersion":"v1","kind":"PersistentVolumeClaim","metadata":{"annotations":{},"name":"my-expansion-pvc","namespace":"default"},"spec":{"accessModes":["ReadWriteOnce"],"resources":{"requests":{"storage":"20Gi"}},"storageClassName":"my-expansion-storage-class"}}
    pv.kubernetes.io/bind-completed: "yes"
    pv.kubernetes.io/bound-by-controller: "yes"
    volume.beta.kubernetes.io/storage-provisioner: bs.csi.vngcloud.vn
    volume.kubernetes.io/storage-provisioner: bs.csi.vngcloud.vn
  creationTimestamp: "2024-04-21T14:16:53Z"
  finalizers:
  - kubernetes.io/pvc-protection
  name: my-expansion-pvc
  namespace: default
  resourceVersion: "11041591"
  uid: 14456f4a-ee9e-435d-a94f-5a2e820954e9
spec:
  accessModes:
  - ReadWriteOnce
  resources:
    requests:
      storage: 20Gi
  storageClassName: my-expansion-storage-class
  volumeMode: Filesystem
  volumeName: pvc-14456f4a-ee9e-435d-a94f-5a2e820954e9
status:
  accessModes:
  - ReadWriteOnce
  capacity:
    storage: 20Gi
  phase: Bound

• If you have edited the IOPS of the Persistent Volume before, when you run the above command, your yaml file will already have the annotation bs.csi.vngcloud.vn/volume-type: "volume-type-id" . Now, edit this annotation to the Volume type id with the IOPS you desire.

Change the Disk Volume of the newly created Persistent Volume

To change the Disk Volume of the newly created Persistent Volume, run the following command:

For example, initially the PVC created was 20 Gi in size, now I will increase it to 30 Gi

kubectl patch pvc my-expansion-pvc -p '{"spec":{"resources":{"requests":{"storage":"30Gi"}}}}'

Attention:

• You can only increase Disk Volume but cannot reduce Disk Volume size.

Restore Persistent Volume from Snapshot

To restore Persistent Volume from Snapshot, follow these steps:

• Create file restore-volume.yaml with the following content:

apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
metadata:
  name: my-restore-pvc  # The name of the PVC, CAN be changed
spec:
  storageClassName: my-expansion-storage-class  
  dataSource:
    name: my-snapshot-pvc # MUST match with [4] from the section 5.2
    kind: VolumeSnapshot
    apiGroup: snapshot.storage.k8s.io
  accessModes:
    - ReadWriteOnce
  resources:
    requests:
      storage: 20Gi